Karpathy on agentic engineering, Software 3.0, and jagged AI capability

Andrej Karpathy describes a December 2025 shift in which coding agents began producing larger, more reliable chunks of work, changing programming toward orchestrating agents.

He argues that models automate what can be verified and that their capability is jagged, depending on verifiability and what labs emphasize in training, so users need to stay in the loop.

He also says hiring, founder opportunities, and agent-native infrastructure should adapt to this shift.